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Ivan Boesky

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Ivan Boesky
Born
Ivan Frederick Boesky

(1937-03-06)March 6, 1937
Detroit, Michigan, U.S.
DiedMay 20, 2024(2024-05-20) (aged 87)
La Jolla, California, U.S.
Alma materMichigan State University
OccupationStock trader
Known forInsider trading scandal
Spouse(s)
Seema Silberstein
​
​
(m. 1962; div. 1991)​

Ana Boesky
Children5
Criminal statusReleased
Conviction(s)Insider trading (1986)
Criminal penalty3.5 years incarceration, $100 million fine, prohibition on future work with securities
Imprisoned atFederal Correctional Institution, Lompoc (1987–1990)

Ivan Frederick Boesky (/ˈboʊski/;[1] March 6, 1937 – May 20, 2024) was an American stock trader known for his prominent role in an insider trading scandal in the mid-1980s.[2] He pleaded guilty, was fined a record $100 million, served three years in prison, and became a government informant.

Early life and education

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Boesky was born to a Jewish family[3][4] in Detroit. His family owned several delicatessens and taverns in the city.[4] He attended the Cranbrook School in Bloomfield Hills before graduating from Detroit's Mumford High School. He then attended courses at Wayne State University in Detroit, Eastern Michigan University in Ypsilanti east of Ann Arbor, and the University of Michigan in East Lansing. Although he lacked an undergraduate degree, he was admitted to Detroit College of Law (now Michigan State University College of Law) and graduated in 1965. In the 1980s, Boesky served as an adjunct professor at Columbia University's Graduate School of Business and at New York University's Graduate School of Business.[5]

Career

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In 1966, Boesky and his wife moved to New York where he worked for several stock brokerage companies including L.F. Rothschild and Edwards & Hanly. In 1975, he initiated his own stock brokerage company, Ivan F. Boesky & Company, with $700,000 (equivalent to $4 million in 2023) worth of start-up money from his wife's family[4] with a business plan that speculated on corporate takeovers. The company grew from profits as well as buy-in investments from new partnerships. By 1986, he had become an arbitrageur who had amassed a fortune of more than US$200 million by betting on corporate takeovers and the $136 million in proceeds from the sale of the Beverly Hills Hotel.[6]

In 1986, Boesky entered an agreement with the United States Attorney's office for the Southern District of New York, agreeing to plead guilty to one count of conspiracy to commit violations of the federal securities laws.[7] He used inside information provided by Robert Wilkis and Ira Sokolow, two investment bankers, and purchased securities for entities with which he was affiliated.[8] The inside information typically involved tender offers, mergers or other possible business combinations, for companies such as Nabisco Brands, Inc., R.J. Reynolds, and Houston Natural Gas Corp.[8] Time magazine ran a December 1, 1986, cover story about his "scam," dubbing him "Ivan the Terrible."[9]

Although insider trading of this kind was illegal, laws prohibiting it were rarely enforced until Boesky was prosecuted.[10] He cooperated with the SEC and informed on others, including the case against financier Michael Milken and, per a plea bargain, received a prison sentence of 3+1⁄2 years and was fined US$100 million.[11] Although he was released after two years, he was permanently prohibited from working with securities. He served his sentence at Lompoc Federal Prison Camp near Vandenberg Air Force Base in California.[12]

Boesky, unable to rehabilitate his reputation after being released from prison, paid hundreds of millions of dollars as fines and compensation for his Guinness share-trading fraud role and a number of separate insider-dealing scams. Later he began practicing Judaism, attended classes at Jewish Theological Seminary of America, and donated money to the seminary. In 1987, after the financial scandal fallout, he asked that his name be removed from the Jewish Theological Seminary Library.[13]

Personal life

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In 1962, Boesky married Seema Silberstein, the daughter of a Detroit real estate magnate whose holdings included The Beverly Hills Hotel in California. After her father's death, they won a court battle against her sister and brother-in-law over the hotel's ownership.[4]

In 1991, Silberstein divorced Boesky and agreed to pay him $23 million and $180,000 a year for life. They had four children.[6] Ivan Boesky and his second wife, Ana, had another child. They lived in La Jolla, California, until his death on May 20, 2024 at the age of 87.[12][6][14]

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The character of Gordon Gekko in the movie Wall Street (1987) is based in part on Boesky, particularly his "greed is good" speech which resembled the commencement speech Boesky delivered in May 1986 at the Haas School of Business at the University of California, Berkeley: "I think greed is healthy. You can be greedy and still feel good about yourself."[12][15][16][17]

Boesky was featured in a CNBC documentary titled Empires of New York.[18]

References

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  1. ^ "Wall Street's Greed (In 1987, Flashback NBC News)". YouTube. Retrieved May 26, 2024.
  2. ^ Meserve, Myles. "Meet Ivan Boesky, The Infamous Wall Streeter Who Inspired Gordon Gekko". Business Insider. Archived from the original on February 3, 2019. Retrieved February 2, 2019.
  3. ^ The New York Jewish Week: "Is Greed Godly?" by David E. Y. Sarna Archived August 12, 2015, at the Wayback Machine December 3, 2010
  4. ^ a b c d Haaratz: "This Day in Jewish History / A masterful Wall Street con man is arrested – Ivan Boesky elevated insider trading to an art form. The police didn't see it that way, though." by David B. Green Archived April 2, 2015, at the Wayback Machine November 14, 2013
  5. ^ Boesky, Ivan F., Merger Mania, Holt Rinehart Winston, 1985.
  6. ^ a b c Spangler, Nicholas; Davidowitz, Esther (October 30, 2010). "Seema Boesky's Rich Afterlife". Westchester Magazine. Archived from the original on November 3, 2010.
  7. ^ The Law of Insider Trading, How They Get Caught, SEC Commissioner Cox Remarks to the Piedmont Economic Club (PDF), November 20, 1986, archived (PDF) from the original on April 12, 2019, retrieved January 17, 2022
  8. ^ a b Cox Speech
  9. ^ Ivan Boesky at the TIME archive
  10. ^ "Ivan Boesky – Sam Waksal – Insider Trading – Wall Street". New York. October 10, 2003. Archived from the original on March 1, 2021. Retrieved February 9, 2021.
  11. ^ "The Year's 50 most Fascinating Business People: Ivan Boesky, Crook of the Year". money.cnn.com. January 5, 1986. Archived from the original on May 12, 2023. Retrieved June 9, 2023.
  12. ^ a b c Wayne, Leslie (May 20, 2024). "Ivan F. Boesky, Rogue Trader in 1980s Wall Street Scandal, Dies at 87". The New York Times. Archived from the original on May 20, 2024. Retrieved May 20, 2024.
  13. ^ Goldman, Ari L. (July 23, 1987). "Boesky Studying Hebrew and Talmud at Seminary" Archived August 23, 2017, at the Wayback Machine. The New York Times.
  14. ^ "Miracle Babies Patron Party". October 8, 2015. Archived from the original on January 21, 2022. Retrieved February 12, 2021.
  15. ^ Dickerson, John F. (June 24, 2001). "Battling Boeskys". Time. ISSN 0040-781X. Archived from the original on September 17, 2021. Retrieved February 9, 2021.
  16. ^ Greene, Bob (December 15, 1986). "A $100 Million Idea: Use Greed For Good". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on June 9, 2016. Retrieved May 13, 2016.
  17. ^ "Commencement Speakers". berkeley.edu. Archived from the original on May 18, 2016. Retrieved May 13, 2016.
  18. ^ Huddleston, Tom Jr. (November 28, 2020). "Meet Ivan Boesky, the 1980s Wall Street titan who inspired Hollywood — and ended up in jail". CNBC. Retrieved February 9, 2021.
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